In 1930, at the age of 21, he obtained the degree of ( Doctor of Sciences, equivalent to ), the highest degree in the Soviet Union, which requires the recipient to have made a significant independent contribution to his or her scientific field.
Program at the Academy of Sciences of the and obtained the degree of ( Candidate of Sciences, equivalent to a Ph.D.) in 1928, at the age of 19, with the doctoral thesis titled On direct methods of variational calculus. In 1924, at the age of 15, Nikolay Bogolyubov wrote his first published scientific paper On the behavior of solutions of linear differential equations at infinity. He attended research seminars in and soon started to work under the supervision of the well-known contemporary mathematician. The family soon moved to in 1921, where they continued to live in poverty as the elder Nikolay Bogolyubov only found a position as a priest in 1923. The Bogolyubovs relocated to the village of Velikaya Krucha in the (now in, ) in 1919, where the young Nikolay Bogolyubov began to study physics and mathematics.
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